Numbers

Exam Prep Study Notes (Things to remember) 

Rational numbers

These are numbers that can be expressed as a fraction in the form of x/y, where x and y are integers, and y is not equal to zero.

Rational numbers can be classified into subsets such as natural numbers, whole numbers and integers.

Natural numbers
Natural numbers are also known as counting numbers, namely {1, 2, 3, 4, ....} without the zero. Basically these are the positive integers.
Integers

All real numbers other than decimals or fractions are called as integers. 

Integers consist of all the whole numbers and their opposites. e.g. {....., -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ......} 

Whole numbers
All positive integers and includes 0. {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ....}
Exponent
A number that denotes how many times that main number needs to be multiplied by itself
Power
The numerical value of the exponent
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Tips

Adding integers

If the signs are the same, Add and then keep the sign

If the signs different, then Subtract and take the sign of the number with the larger absolute value

Multiplying and dividing integers

When multiplying or dividing integers, if you have an even number of negatives, the result will be positive. 

If you have an odd number of negatives, the result will be negative. 

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NUMBER BASE SYSTEMS 
 
Decimal(10)
Binary(2)
Hexadecimal(16)
0 0 0
1 1 1
2 10 2
3 11 3
4 100 4
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